Last Updated: September 2024
Overview
As reliance on digital technologies grows, critical national infrastructure (CNI) — including sectors such as energy, transportation, healthcare, and water supply — faces an increasing risk of cyberattacks. The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has issued a warning about emerging cybersecurity threats targeting these vital systems. Protecting CNI from cyber threats is essential to maintaining the safety, stability, and continuity of essential services.
This knowledge base article outlines the key aspects of these emerging threats and provides recommendations for improving the security of critical national infrastructure.
Key Emerging Threats
Cybercriminals are increasingly focusing on critical national infrastructure to exploit vulnerabilities for financial, political, or disruptive motives. The following are some of the most common emerging threats:
1. Ransomware Attacks
Ransomware is a significant and growing threat to CNI, where attackers encrypt systems and demand payment to restore access. This can lead to major disruptions in essential services, such as electricity grids or transportation systems.
How to protect against ransomware:
- Implement strong backup strategies for critical data.
- Train employees to recognize phishing emails that often deliver ransomware.
- Keep software and security systems up to date to patch vulnerabilities.
2. Supply Chain Attacks
Supply chain attacks occur when cybercriminals target third-party vendors or suppliers connected to CNI systems. Once attackers infiltrate the supplier's network, they can gain access to critical infrastructure.
How to protect against supply chain attacks:
- Conduct thorough security audits of third-party vendors.
- Establish strict access controls for suppliers and contractors.
- Monitor for suspicious activity within the network.
3. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
APTs involve sophisticated, long-term cyber campaigns where attackers aim to infiltrate critical infrastructure and remain undetected for extended periods. These attacks often target government systems or key sectors like energy and finance.
How to protect against APTs:
- Employ advanced intrusion detection systems (IDS) and threat monitoring tools.
- Regularly audit and analyze system logs for signs of prolonged infiltration.
- Segment networks to prevent attackers from moving laterally within the system.
4. Insider Threats
Insider threats occur when individuals within an organization intentionally or unintentionally compromise security. In critical infrastructure, employees with privileged access can pose a significant risk if they are not properly monitored.
How to mitigate insider threats:
- Implement strict access controls based on role and necessity.
- Conduct regular employee background checks and security awareness training.
- Monitor for unusual behavior or access requests.
Protecting Critical National Infrastructure
Given the high stakes associated with critical infrastructure, implementing a proactive and multi-layered cybersecurity strategy is essential. Below are key measures to enhance CNI security:
1. Risk Assessments
Regularly perform comprehensive risk assessments to identify potential vulnerabilities within infrastructure systems. Prioritize addressing the most critical risks and continuously update risk management strategies.
2. Incident Response Plans
Develop and maintain an incident response plan specifically tailored to the critical infrastructure environment. This plan should outline steps to identify, contain, mitigate, and recover from cyberattacks.
3. Network Segmentation
Segment networks to prevent attackers from accessing sensitive systems if they manage to breach one area. For example, separate operational technology (OT) networks from information technology (IT) networks to minimize the impact of potential attacks.
4. Collaboration and Information Sharing
Organizations managing critical infrastructure should collaborate with government agencies, cybersecurity firms, and industry peers to share threat intelligence and best practices. Information sharing enhances collective defense by allowing organizations to respond more effectively to emerging threats.
5. Continuous Monitoring and Threat Detection
Implement real-time monitoring and threat detection systems to identify suspicious activity before it escalates into a major incident. Use advanced tools, such as machine learning and AI-driven cybersecurity solutions, to detect evolving threats.
Conclusion
The rise of cyberattacks targeting critical national infrastructure highlights the urgent need for organizations in key sectors to prioritize robust cybersecurity measures. From ransomware to supply chain attacks, the threats are diverse, but with comprehensive protection strategies, businesses can mitigate risks and secure essential systems.
At Tech Advance Services (TAS), we offer tailored cybersecurity solutions designed to protect critical infrastructure from emerging threats. Our services include risk assessments, network security, threat detection, and incident response planning to ensure your systems remain resilient against cyberattacks.
Need Help?
For more information on securing your critical infrastructure, contact our cybersecurity experts by submitting a support ticket here. We provide comprehensive security assessments and solutions to protect against both current and emerging threats.
